When I was doing my bachelors from Delhi University, India experienced its first major external financing and currency crisis in 1990-91. This inspired me to pursue graduate work in economics and was the foundation for my interest in international finance.

Gita Gopinath

The advantages of globalization are actually much like the advantages of technological improvement. They have very similar effects: they raise output in countries, raise productivity, create more jobs, raise wages, and lower prices of products in the world economy.

Gita Gopinath

Portfolio investment, often called 'hot money' because of its volatile nature, can increase the economy's vulnerability to the vagaries of international finance. Foreign direct investment, on the other hand, is far more stable and driven by domestic fundamentals.

Gita Gopinath

The biggest losers from international trade are always those whose skills have a cheaper competitor in a different market.

Gita Gopinath

I think about issues. I use my economic training to devise solutions.

Gita Gopinath

With all the globalisation that has taken place, countries are a lot more interdependent and therefore 'coupled.'

Gita Gopinath

Monetary policy should remain data dependent, be well communicated, and ensure that inflation expectations remain anchored.

Gita Gopinath

The awareness has increased about the need to increase womenwomen participation in the workplace, but there are no amenities to assure that.

Gita Gopinath

Emerging market and developing economies have benefited from monetary easing in major economies but have also faced volatile risk sentiment tied to trade tensions.

Gita Gopinath

If people expect high inflation and raise wages to reflect the high inflation, then it becomes self-fulfilling.

Gita Gopinath

Business cycles in emerging markets behave differently from developed markets.

Gita Gopinath

We need to realise that entrepreneurship is not necessarily increasing employment.

Gita Gopinath

Unfortunately, governments do not have a philanthropic approach towards future governments.

Gita Gopinath

Rather than waiting for a crisis to erupt before intervening, the IMF should provide 'forward guidance' on how it will tackle potential disruptions in international financial markets.

Gita Gopinath

One of the strengths of the U.S. economy is its ability to most efficiently employ resources both domestically and from around the world and outsourcing is one such example of this.

Gita Gopinath

Being born into a Malayali family that followed a matriarchal system, I always felt loved and had a high sense of self-worth.

Gita Gopinath

I guess I am politically very naive.

Gita Gopinath

By promising to intervene in vulnerable markets in the event of excessive financial volatility, the IMF, as the largest player, would reduce coordination problems among investors.

Gita Gopinath

There was never a perception that I was second-class relative to boys. That gave me confidence.

Gita Gopinath

GDP is a function of capital, labour and how productively you use both.

Gita Gopinath

Having a proper understanding of countries' external positions - current accounts, stock positions, and currencies - is critical to highlight policymakers' shared responsibility to tackle external imbalances before they become too risky.

Gita Gopinath